Chemical Agent Detector paper is used to detect liquid aerosol nerve or blister agents. Although it can detect the presence of a chemical, it cannot determine what kind of chemical it is. The paper is adhesive and is wrapped around the arms of a soldier in chemical protective gear.

In preparation for potential chemical threats, soldiers learned to use MOPP gear (Mission Oriented Protective Posture), which included the M9 Chemical Detection Paper. Other MOPP gear consists of protective masks, gloves, boots, and clothing which can be worn over regular uniforms to protect against chemical and biological agents.

It was well known that Saddam Hussein possessed a large stockpile of chemical weapons and had used them in past conflicts. Poisons such as sulfur mustard, a blister agent; sarin and cyclosarin, nerve agents; and riot control agent CS, a sensory irritant, were all found in Iraqi possession.